1. Diameter: Approximately 4,880 km (3,032 miles)
2. Mass: About 3.30 × 10^23 kg (0.055 Earths)
3. Surface Gravity: 3.7 m/s² (0.38 g)
4. Orbital Period: 88 Earth days
5. Rotational Period: 58.6 Earth days
6. Atmosphere: Very thin, primarily composed of oxygen, sodium, hydrogen, helium, and potassium
7. Average Surface Temperature: Daytime: 430 degrees Celsius (800 degrees Fahrenheit), Nighttime: -180 degrees Celsius (-290 degrees Fahrenheit)
8. Surface Pressure: Essentially negligible, almost a vacuum
9. Moons: None
10. Tilt of Axis: 0.034 degrees (almost no axial tilt)
11. Orbital Speed: 47.87 km/s (172,332 km/h or 107,082 mph)
12. Surface Features: Heavily cratered, similar to the Moon, with large impact basins, high cliffs, and smooth plains
13. Magnetic Field: Weak magnetic field, about 1% as strong as Earth’s
14. Solar Day (Mercury Day): 176 Earth days (two Mercury years)
15. Atmospheric Density: Extremely low, almost non-existent
16. Surface Composition: Silicate rock and metals, mostly iron
17. Geological Activity: No current geological activity, but evidence of past volcanic activity
18. Exploration: Missions like Mariner 10 and MESSENGER have provided detailed images and data
19. Distance from Sun: Average of about 57.9 million km (36 million miles)
20. Albedo (Reflectivity): Low albedo of 0.12, reflecting a small portion of sunlight
21. Escape Velocity: 4.25 km/s (9,509 mph)
22. Weather: No atmosphere means no weather systems
23. Surface Brightness: Appears bright from Earth due to its proximity to the Sun
24. Caloris Basin: One of the largest impact basins, approximately 1,550 km (960 miles) in diameter
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