1. Diameter: Approximately 6,779 km (4,212 miles)
2. Mass: About 6.39 × 10^23 kg (0.107 Earths)
3. Surface Gravity: 3.72076 m/s² (0.376 g)
4. Orbital Period: 687 Earth days (1.88 Earth years)
5. Rotational Period: 24.6 hours (1 Mars day is called a sol)
6. Atmosphere: Thin, primarily composed of carbon dioxide (95.3%), nitrogen (2.7%), and argon (1.6%)
7. Average Surface Temperature: -80 degrees Fahrenheit (-60 degrees Celsius)
8. Surface Pressure: Around 610 pascals (0.088 psi)
9. Moons: Two (Phobos and Deimos)
10. Tilt of Axis: 25.19 degrees (similar to Earth’s tilt, causing seasons)
11. Orbital Speed: 24.077 km/s (86,871 km/h or 53,858 mph)
12. Surface Features: Includes the largest volcano (Olympus Mons) and the deepest canyon (Valles Marineris) in the solar system
13. Magnetic Field: Lacks a global magnetic field but has localized magnetic fields in the crust
14. Solar Day (Sol): 24 hours, 39 minutes, and 35 seconds
15. Atmospheric Density: 1% of Earth’s atmospheric density
16. Surface Composition: Predominantly iron oxide, giving Mars its red color
17. Geological Activity: Evidence of past volcanic activity, but currently inactive
18. Water Presence: Ice caps at poles, past evidence of liquid water, and possible subsurface water
19. Exploration: Numerous missions including rovers (e.g., Perseverance, Curiosity) and orbiters (e.g., Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter)
20. Distance from Sun: Average of about 227.9 million km (141.6 million miles)
21. Albedo (Reflectivity): Average albedo is 0.25
22. Escape Velocity: 5.03 km/s (11,250 mph)
23. Weather: Experiences dust storms, sometimes encompassing the entire planet
24. Polar Ice Caps: Composed of water and dry ice (frozen CO2)
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