1. Stress Hormones
Cortisol: Regulates metabolism, immune response, and stress adaptation.
Adrenaline (Epinephrine): Increases heart rate, blood pressure, and energy during the fight-or-flight response.
Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline): Enhances alertness, focus, and blood flow to muscles during stress.
2. Neurotransmitters
Dopamine: Influences mood, motivation, and reward pathways.
Serotonin: Regulates mood, sleep, and appetite.
GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid): Promotes relaxation and reduces anxiety.
Glutamate: Supports learning and memory by exciting neurons.
3. Metabolic Hormones
Insulin: Lowers blood sugar by facilitating glucose uptake into cells.
Glucagon: Raises blood sugar by stimulating glucose release from the liver.
Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3): Regulate metabolism and energy production.
4. Reproductive Hormones
Estrogen: Supports female reproductive health and secondary sexual characteristics.
Testosterone: Regulates male reproductive health and muscle growth.
Progesterone: Prepares the uterus for pregnancy.
5. Other Notable Chemicals
Melatonin: Regulates sleep-wake cycles.
Endorphins: Act as natural painkillers and promote feelings of pleasure.
Oxytocin: Encourages bonding, trust, and social connections.
Histamine: Plays a role in immune responses and allergic reactions.
Vasopressin (Antidiuretic Hormone): Controls water balance and blood pressure.
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