இணைய தகவல்கள் சேகரிப்பு - PAGE - 3

 

1. Excitatory Neurotransmitters

• Glutamate: The most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter, crucial for learning, memory, and brain development.

• Aspartate: Plays a role in stimulating neurons and is involved in the central nervous system.

2. Inhibitory Neurotransmitters

• Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA): Reduces neuronal excitability, helping to regulate anxiety and promote relaxation.

• Glycine: Inhibits signals in the spinal cord and brainstem, aiding in motor control.

3. Monoamines

• Dopamine: Regulates mood, reward, motivation, and motor control.

• Serotonin (5-HT): Influences mood, appetite, sleep, and emotional regulation.

• Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline): Involved in the fight-or-flight response, attention, and arousal.

• Epinephrine (Adrenaline): Plays a role in the fight-or-flight response, increasing heart rate and energy availability.

• Histamine: Regulates sleep-wake cycles, appetite, and immune responses.

4. Acetylcholine

• Acetylcholine (ACh): Facilitates muscle contraction, memory, and learning.

5. Neuropeptides

• Substance P: Transmits pain signals and regulates mood.

• Endorphins: Act as natural painkillers and promote feelings of pleasure.

• Neuropeptide Y (NPY): Regulates appetite and stress responses.

• Oxytocin: Promotes bonding, trust, and social interactions.

• Vasopressin (Antidiuretic Hormone): Regulates water balance and blood pressure.

6. Other Notable Neurotransmitters

• Nitric Oxide (NO): Acts as a signaling molecule in the brain and blood vessels.

• Endocannabinoids: Influence appetite, pain sensation, mood, and memory.